Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in different pediatric rheumatic disease

Results The primary diagnoses of the patients included in the study, respectively; systemic juvenil idiopathic arthritis (n=5), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (n=2), juvenile dermatomyositis (n=2), a neonatale onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) and a microscopic polyartritis nodosa. The mean age of the patients was 9.9 years old (1-14), and male to female ratio was 3:8. The mean duration of underlying disease was 6 months (1-24 months) at the diagnosis of MAS. We found MAS due to infection in four patients ,while used medicine in a patient. MAS were developed spontaneously in 6 patients. The clinical manifestations of MAS included fever 7 (63.6%),mucosal bleading 6 (54.5%), neurologic involvement 4 (36.4%) and hepatomegaly 6 (54.5%). We found thrombocytopenia in 9 (81.8%), leucopenia in 5 (45.5 %), increased AST in 7 (63.6%), hypofibrinogenemia in 6 (54.5%), increased ferritin in 11 (100%), decreased ESH in 4 (36.4%) and increased triglyceride in 10 (90.9%) patients. We investigated bone marrow in all patients, and hemophagocytosis were determinated in 8 (72.7%). The medications were pulse methylprednisolone 6 (54.5%), intravenous immunoglobulin 8 (72.7%), plasma exchange 5 (45.5%), cyclosporine 6 (54.5%), dexamethasone 1 (9.1%), etoposide 1 (9.1%). The prognosis of patients were recovery 8 (72.7%), and exitus 3 (27.3%).